Ebola outbreak: Liberia sent untested ZMapp treatment as death toll passes 1,000

Anger is growing that only Westerners have so far been given the drug

Liberian nurses carry the body of an Ebola victim from a house for burial in the Banjor Community on the outskirts of Monrovia, Liberia 6 August 2014. (EPA)

An experimental Ebola treatment is being sent to Liberia for two ill doctors who will become the first Africans to receive the untested ZMapp drug.

A Spanish priest and two American aid workers are the only people to have received it so far, prompting anger that only Westerners have had a possible treatment for a disease ravaging four African countries.

ZMapp is one of several drugs in development to attempt to stop the deadly outbreak, which has no confirmed cure and has so far killed more than 1,000 people.

More than half of those infected with the highly contagious disease die. It begins with flu-like symptoms and can escalate to vomiting, diarrhoea and internal and external bleeding.

It was unclear how much ZMapp is being sent to Liberia but its American manufacturer, Mapp Biopharmaceutical, said it had already run out of its supply in response to demand from an unidentified West African country.

The serum has not been tested for safety or effectiveness in humans and the company said it would take months to produce even modest quantities.

The American aid workers given the drug after being evacuated from Liberia are said to be improving but there is no way to know whether the drug is responsible or whether they are recovering naturally like other survivors.

The Spanish priest, Miguel Pajares, 75, died on Tuesday at the Carlos III hospital in Madrid, where he was being treated in isolation.

Spain's Health Ministry confirmed it had obtained a course of the American-manufactured drug for Mr Pajares but the hospital would not say on Tuesday whether it had been used.

The Atlanta hospital treating the US Ebola sufferers appealed to the public to show compassion after receiving 'nasty emails' asking why the patients were allowed back into the country (Reuters)

The outbreak was first identified in March in Guinea, although it probably started earlier, and has since spread to neighbouring Liberia, Sierra Leone and possibly Nigeria.

Authorities have recorded 1,848 suspected, probable or confirmed cases of the disease, according to World Health Organisation (WHO) figures.

Marcel Guilavogui, a pharmacist in Conakry, Guinea, said the possibility that ZMapp could work was worth the risk of side effects.

“There's no reason to try this medicine on sick white people and to ignore blacks,” he said.

“We understand that it's a drug that's being tested for the first time and could have negative side effects. But we have to try it in blacks too.”

People have been using the hashtag #GiveUsTheSerum to call for greater access to the drug on Twitter.

“The alternative for not testing this is death, a certain death,” Liberia's information minister, Lewis Brown, told the Associated Press.

Guinean authorities also want to use ZMapp but Sierra Leone had not requested to the drug.

The serum, made from antibodies grown inside tobacco plants, aims to boost the immune system's response to Ebola.

To address the ethical dilemma of using an untested treatment, WHO consulted infectious disease experts, patient representatives and the Doctors Without Borders group.

Conclusions from the meeting, involving delegates from several countries, will be announced later on Tuesday.

Companies can provide experimental drugs on a “compassionate use” basis, usually after they have been fully tested in humans.

WHO officials previously said an Ebola vaccine should be ready for public use by 2015.