Your support helps us to tell the story
From reproductive rights to climate change to Big Tech, The Independent is on the ground when the story is developing. Whether it's investigating the financials of Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC or producing our latest documentary, 'The A Word', which shines a light on the American women fighting for reproductive rights, we know how important it is to parse out the facts from the messaging.
At such a critical moment in US history, we need reporters on the ground. Your donation allows us to keep sending journalists to speak to both sides of the story.
The Independent is trusted by Americans across the entire political spectrum. And unlike many other quality news outlets, we choose not to lock Americans out of our reporting and analysis with paywalls. We believe quality journalism should be available to everyone, paid for by those who can afford it.
Your support makes all the difference.The anti-wrinkle drug Botox, which has been licensed in some countries as a treatment for chronic migraine, has negligible effect against these headaches, a study published on Tuesday said.
Botox - a neurotoxin derived from the Clostridium botulinum germ - works as a cosmetic by paralysing the muscles that cause wrinkles.
It has now been authorised in Britain, the United States and elsewhere to relieve chronic migraines, administered by regular injections to up to 39 sites in the head and neck muscles.
But the British journal Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin said clinical trials showed only "limited evidence of benefit."
Between one and 10 percent of volunteers who were injected with the drug experienced uncomfortable or painful side effects, including muscle spasms, rashes and itches.
The report added it was impossible to completely rule out other risks from Botox, including the risk of infection from a protein called human serum albumin, which is part of the drug's formula.
ri/mh/har
Join our commenting forum
Join thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their replies
Comments