The tiny Pacific island taking the UK to court for refusing to get rid of its nuclear weapons

The South Pacific islands still suffer from nuclear bomb testing during the Cold War

One of the islands, Kuwajelein, of the Marshall Islands, where 67 nuclear tests harmed the local population during the 50s and 60s (Rex Features)

One of the world's smallest countries is taking three of the biggest nuclear powers to court in an attempt to make them honour commitments to disarm.

The Marshall Islands has laid court cases against Britain, India and Pakistan at the United Nation's highest court. All three are accused of breaching obligations for nuclear disarmament - an issue which has particularly affected the Pacific island chain.

The islands were used as a site for 67 separate nuclear tests during the Cold War which still causes health problems for its population to this day.

Now preliminary hearings are underway for the first time at the International Court of Justice in what many activists see as a step towards highlighting the issue of nuclear disarmament.

Marshall Islands, November 1 1952. The mushroom cloud formed from the first hydrogen bomb explosion (Rex Features)

"The success will be in putting the issue back on the agenda... This is as much as the Marshall Islands can hope for," Dapo Akande, professor of international law at Oxford University, told Business Insider.

He said that once in front of the International Court of Justice, the size of each country would not matter.

"When the Marshall Islands goes to the ICJ, it's equal with Britain and with India," Professor Akande added.

"Big countries get dragged into disputes to which they otherwise would not have needed to pay attention."

The Islands had originally brought cases against all the countries believed to have nuclear weapons - Britain, France, the United States, Russia, China, India, Pakistan, Israel and North Korea - but only the cases against Britain, India and Pakistan have made it through to the court.

All three are accused by the Marshall Islands of breaching obligations to negotiate nuclear disarmament. Britain signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, which aims to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons, in 1970.

Yet since then, the UK introduced the Trident nuclear programme in 1980, which now involves four nuclear submarines whose missiles are capable of hitting targets up to 7,500 miles away.

A vote on the programme's complete renewal is expected this year, with the total cost of replacement estimated to be in excess of £100 billion.

The issue has divided Labour and Conservatives, with prime minister David Cameron wanting to renew the programme and leader of the opposition Jeremy Corbyn proposing Trident submarines without nuclear missiles - adding he would "never press the button."

Pakistan and India, meanwhile, are also accused by the Marshall Islands of breaching similar obligations under international law.

Tony deBrum, a Marshall Islands representative, said he watched one of the US nuclear tests in his home country as a nine-year-old boy while fishing with his grandfather.

"The entire sky turned blood red," he told judges. He said some of his country's islands were "vaporized" by the tests.

Together, the three countries are expected to argue that the Marshall Island's claims are beyond the Hague court's jurisdiction and should not proceed any further.

Yet activists have said just getting the case to the United Nations was a victory in itself.

Additional reporting by AP