The Turner Prize: What became of past winners?
The most prestigious prize for contemporary art is awarded today. Louise Jury looks back on what winning has meant to the victors of the past 20 years
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Your support makes all the difference.Morley, who trained with Frank Auerbach and Peter Blake at the Royal College of Art, had lived in the United States since 1958, so proved a controversial first winner of Britain's new prize. He still lives in America where he has taken citizenship and has continued to exhibit both there and in Europe. His 70th birthday three years ago was marked with a major retrospective at the Hayward Gallery in London.
1984 Malcolm Morley
Morley, who trained with Frank Auerbach and Peter Blake at the Royal College of Art, had lived in the United States since 1958, so proved a controversial first winner of Britain's new prize. He still lives in America where he has taken citizenship and has continued to exhibit both there and in Europe. His 70th birthday three years ago was marked with a major retrospective at the Hayward Gallery in London.
1985 Howard Hodgkin
Now 72, Hodgkin has continued to produce and show his bold, brightly coloured works. He was honoured with a major retrospective in 1996 organised by Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Texas, that toured the world's top galleries, including the Met in New York and the Hayward in London. Knighted in 1992, he was commissioned to produce a painting for the opening of Tate Modern in 2000. One of his biggest works remains a design for the exterior of the Imax cinema at Waterloo, London. He is to have a major show at Tate Britain in 2006.
1986 Gilbert and George
Exhibitions in recent years include shows at the Serpentine in London and the inaugural show at the new gallery in Milton Keynes. Art's elegantly besuited odd couple, who met at art school in 1967 and are known for works incorporating urine, blood and faeces, also have the honour of being the first nudes in the National Portrait Gallery where their self-portrait In The Piss went on display four years ago.
1987 Richard Deacon
Deacon, who won the Turner Prize on his second nomination, has had exhibitions in galleries including the Whitechapel in London, and Tate Liverpool in recent years. He is to have a big show at Tate St Ives next year. In 1997, he was awarded the Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres in France and a year later was elected a Royal Academician. Further establishment recognition followed in 1999 when he was appointed CBE at the age of 50. He will have a solo show at Tate Liverpool next year.
1988 Tony Cragg
Like many of the other Turner Prize winners, Cragg, now 55, is enormously respected internationally as well as at home. He was elected to the Royal Academy a decade ago and his large-scale works have been shown at galleries including Tate Liverpool. He continues to produce works on a large scale that have been seen in places such as the Goodwood Sculpture Park. Like several other Turner winners, he also had a sculpture at the Millennium Dome.
1989 Richard Long
Long, 59, had his own show at the Tate the year after winning and another at the Hayward in London in 1991. More recently, in 2002, his work has been seen at Tate St Ives and one of his works was strikingly presented in a room with a single Monet in the opening selection of work in May 2000 at Tate Modern. His work has been seen in galleries including the Guggenheims in Bilbao and New York.
1990 No prize awarded
When the bankruptcy of the sponsor, Drexel Burnham Lambert, caused the prize - established in memory of J M W Turner, above - to be cancelled.
1991 Anish Kapoor
To the British public, Kapoor, 50, is probably best known for his dramatic red sculpture Marsyas, which filled the Turbine Hall at Tate Modern a couple of years ago. But he is equally well known overseas through other monumental works such as Cloud Gate, the 66-feet-long stainless steel sculpture he created this year for Chicago, which is one of the world's biggest artworks. He has been commissioned to create the British Memorial Garden in New York and has exhibited widely with shows in the US, Japan, Israel and Europe. He was appointed CBE last year.
1992 Grenville Davey
The comparative mystery on the list, Davey, now 43, has work in the Yorkshire Sculpture Park and has been in the Hayward. Two years ago he had a pop-up sculpture at the Venice Biennale and he is involved in landscape design. He also designed the foyer for the School of Tropical Diseases in London.
1993 Rachel Whiteread
Another creator of giant sculptures, 41-year-old Whiteread's most controversial work was her Holocaust memorial in Vienna which was opposed by locals, who thought it ugly, and the right wing, who did not want it. She has also provoked controversy at home with works such as Plinth, a copy of a plinth placed upsidedown upon the empty plinth in Trafalgar Square.
1994 Antony Gormley
Four years after his Turner win, Gormley, now 54, had produced the Angel of the North, Britain's biggest public sculpture and a work that captured the hearts of the nation - or at least the North-east. But he has also continued to exhibit in countries as diverse as Japan and Norway, notably recreating Field for the British Isles, a work comprising hundreds of small figures, in China. He is a generous supporter of arts educational initiatives and was on the council of the Arts Council.
1995 Damien Hirst
The most flamboyant winner in the prize's history, Hirst, 39, has continued to make headlines, whether for the scale and price of giant works such as the £1m Hymn, for non-art projects such as the Fat Les pop group and its England football song, or for causing offence with comments on the images of 11 September. He had a major solo show at White Cube last year and his first exhibition of drawings in a British Council-backed exhibition in Ljubljana. This year he collaborated with David Bailey.
1996 Douglas Gordon
Glasgow-based Gordon, 38, was honoured at the Venice Biennale the year after he won, and with the Guggenheim Museum SoHo Hugo Boss Prize the year later. He has exhibited in galleries from America to Israel, at Tate Liverpool and the Hayward, which included his best-known work, 24 Hour Psycho, a slowed version of the Hitchcock film.
1997 Gillian Wearing
Wearing, 41, has described her working method as "editing life", but has added actors to the cast of ordinary people in her videos and photography since her Turner Prize success. Her work has been exhibited in the Victoria and Albert Museum and the Irish Museum of Modern Art, as well as the Serpentine and the Sydney and Sao Paulo biennials.
1998 Chris Ofili
Chris Ofili, 36, represented Britain at the Venice Biennale last year where he transformed the British pavilion into a jewel-like celebration of colour and then followed it up with a gorgeous exhibition of Africa-inspired works at the Victoria Miro gallery in London. As well as solo shows in Tokyo and New York, he has also shown in many group exhibitions.
1999 Steve McQueen
Although he lives in Holland, McQueen, 35, has returned to Britain several times since he beat Tracey Emin's unmade bed. Shows include this year's South London Gallery exhibition, where he used images sent into space by Nasa depicting life on Earth. His work as a war artist in Iraq has been made impossible by the security situation.
2000 Wolfgang Tillmans
This German photographer, 36, had his own show, If One Thing Matters, Everything Matters, at Tate Britain last year, with photographs stuck up with sticky tape. It was his first solo exhibition in the UK. He has also had solo shows in Tokyo, New York, Germany, Austria and Denmark, in addition to numerous group exhibitions since his win. He continues to live and work in London, as well as Cologne and New York.
2001 Martin Creed
After winning the prize with an exhibition of lights going on and off, Creed took three years before unveiling his first major show in October this year at the Hauser and Wirth gallery in London. It comprised a room with hundreds of multi-coloured balls that could be kicked across the floor and a lift sound sculpture in which a soundtrack rises in volume as the lift moves towards the top floor.
2002 Keith Tyson
His first one-man show since winning the Turner Prize is currently to be seen at the Haunch of Venison in London. It was inspired by genetics and is a significant body of new paintings. Showing simultaneously at the Galerie Judin in Zurich has been an exhibition of paintings relating to major world upheavals, entitled The Terrible Weight of History. Tyson is 35.
2003 Grayson Perry
The transvestite potter Perry, 44, has become a popular figure about town in the dress of his alter ego Claire since his win, with invitations to re-open the Barbican art gallery and the like. But he has continued to make his distinctive pots, often illustrated with disturbing subject matter, and had his first solo show since his win at the Victoria Miro gallery in London last month.
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